What is the treatment for sunstroke ?

Sun Stroke

Sun stroke, also known as heat stroke, is a severe form of hyperthermia where the body temperature rises above 104°F (40°C) due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures, often accompanied by dehydration.

 Causes

• Prolonged exposure to high temperatures, especially with high humidity.
•  Vigorous physical activity in hot weather.
•  Wearing excessive clothing or heavy equipment in the heat.
•  Dehydration, which reduces the body’s ability to sweat and maintain a normal temperature.

Symptoms

• High body temperature (above 104°F or 40°C).
• Hot, dry skin or profuse sweating.
• Confusion, agitation, slurred speech.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Rapid heart rate and breathing.
• Headache.
• Dizziness or light-headedness.
•  Loss of consciousness or seizures.

Risk Factors

• Age (infants, children, and elderly are more susceptible).
• Chronic illnesses (heart, lung, kidney disease).
•  Medications (diuretics, antihistamines, antipsychotics).
•  Lack of air conditioning.
• Sudden exposure to hot weather, especially after cooler conditions.

Prevention

• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
•  Avoid strenuous activity during the hottest parts of the day.
• Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing.
•  Use sunscreen to prevent sunburn, which affects the body’s ability to cool itself.
•  Take cool showers or baths.
• Spend time in air-conditioned environments when possible.
• Acclimate to hot conditions gradually.

Treatment

• Call emergency services immediately if heat stroke is suspected.
•  Move the person to a cooler environment.
• Remove excess clothing.
• Cool the person rapidly using whatever methods are available (e.g., cool bath, wet cloths, ice packs).
• Offer fluids if the person is conscious and able to drink.

Complications

•  Organ damage (brain, kidneys, heart).
• Rhabdomyolysis (breakdown of muscle tissue).
• Coma.
•  Death, if not treated promptly and effectively.